{"id":27440,"date":"2025-09-29T04:32:16","date_gmt":"2025-09-29T04:32:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lawpreptutorial.com\/blog\/?page_id=27440"},"modified":"2026-04-14T07:18:21","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T07:18:21","slug":"mathematics-syllabus","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.lawpreptutorial.com\/blog\/cbse\/class-12\/mathematics-syllabus\/","title":{"rendered":"Class 12 Mathematics Syllabus 2026-27: CBSE\/NCERT PDF"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Mathematics in Class 12 plays a crucial role in shaping your performance in board exams as well as competitive tests like JEE, CUET, NDA, and other entrance exams. The CBSE has released the updated Class 12th Mathematics syllabus 2026-27, which covers topics like relations, functions, algebra, calculus, probability, and vectors. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Knowing the syllabus of class 12 maths CBSE helps you plan your studies smartly, focus on important units, and practice effectively. In this guide, we provide the complete maths class 12 syllabus 2026-27, including unit-wise chapters, internal assessment, exam pattern, and preparation tips to help you score high.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Class 12th Maths Syllabus 2026-27: Overview<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The CBSE Class 12 Mathematics syllabus 2026-27 is designed to strengthen logical reasoning, analytical ability, and problem-solving skills. The exam pattern includes 80 marks theory and 20 marks internal assessment, making a total of 100 marks. Each unit has specific weightage, with Calculus carrying the maximum marks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Unit No.<\/strong><\/td>Unit Name<\/strong><\/td>Marks<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
I<\/td>Relations and Functions<\/td>8<\/td><\/tr>
II<\/td>Algebra<\/td>10<\/td><\/tr>
III<\/td>Calculus<\/td>35<\/td><\/tr>
IV<\/td>Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry<\/td>14<\/td><\/tr>
V<\/td>Linear Programming<\/td>5<\/td><\/tr>
VI<\/td>Probability<\/td>8<\/td><\/tr>
Total<\/td>\u2013<\/td>80<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udce5 Download Class 12 Maths Syllabus PDF<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Get the official document of the class 12th mathematics syllabus for CBSE with complete unit-wise topics, marks distribution, exam pattern, and project guidelines. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Download Full Syllabus PDF<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Class 12th Mathematics Syllabus 2026-27<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Let\u2019s go through the syllabus for class 12 maths in detail to understand the chapters and topics:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Unit I: Relations and Functions (8 Marks)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

This unit in maths syllabus for class 12 deepens the understanding of relations and functions from Class 11. Students learn different types of relations, functions, and their inverses, along with inverse trigonometric functions. These concepts are crucial in calculus, algebra, and coordinate geometry, and form a strong base for higher mathematics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chapter & No.<\/strong><\/td>Topics Covered<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Chapter 1: Relations and Functions<\/td>\u2022 Types of relations: reflexive, symmetric, transitive, equivalence
\u2022 One-one and onto functions
\u2022 Composition of functions<\/td><\/tr>
Chapter 2: Inverse Trigonometric Functions<\/td>\u2022 Definition, range, domain, principal values
\u2022 Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions
\u2022 Properties and simple applications<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Unit II: Algebra (10 Marks)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Algebra in syllabus for class 12 maths introduces matrices and determinants, which are widely used in higher studies, engineering, and computer applications. Students learn operations on matrices, inverse of matrices, solving linear equations, and properties of determinants. These topics build essential computational and logical skills for advanced problem-solving.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chapter & No.<\/strong><\/td>Topics Covered<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Chapter 3: Matrices<\/td>\u2022 Concept, order, equality
\u2022 Types of matrices
\u2022 Operations (addition, multiplication, scalar multiplication)
\u2022 Transpose, symmetric and skew-symmetric
\u2022 Invertible matrices<\/td><\/tr>
Chapter 4: Determinants<\/td>\u2022 Determinants up to 3\u00d73
\u2022 Properties of determinants
\u2022 Minors, cofactors
\u2022 Adjoint and inverse of a matrix
\u2022 Application: area of triangle
\u2022 Solving system of linear equations (2 or 3 variables) using matrices<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Unit III: Calculus (35 Marks)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

This unit, the heaviest in the math syllabus of class 12, develops advanced concepts in calculus. Students learn continuity, differentiability, integration, applications of derivatives and integrals, and differential equations. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

These concepts are essential for JEE, CUET, and higher mathematics, making calculus the backbone of the Class 12 Maths syllabus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chapter & No.<\/strong><\/td>Topics Covered<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Chapter 5: Continuity and Differentiability<\/td>\u2022 Continuity, differentiability
\u2022 Derivatives of composite and implicit functions
\u2022 Derivatives of inverse trigonometric, exponential & logarithmic functions
\u2022 Logarithmic differentiation
\u2022 Second-order derivatives<\/td><\/tr>
Chapter 6: Applications of Derivatives<\/td>\u2022 Rate of change
\u2022 Increasing\/decreasing functions
\u2022 Tangents and normals
\u2022 Maxima and minima (first and second derivative test)
\u2022 Simple problems<\/td><\/tr>
Chapter 7: Integrals<\/td>\u2022 Integration as inverse of differentiation
\u2022 Methods: substitution, partial fractions, by parts
\u2022 Simple integrals: rational, trigonometric, exponential, logarithmic
\u2022 Definite integrals \u2013 properties, evaluation<\/td><\/tr>
Chapter 8: Applications of Integrals<\/td>\u2022 Area under curves
\u2022 Areas bounded by lines, circles, parabolas, ellipses (standard form only)<\/td><\/tr>
Chapter 9: Differential Equations<\/td>\u2022 Definition, order, degree
\u2022 General & particular solutions
\u2022 Method of separation of variables
\u2022 Homogeneous equations
\u2022 Linear differential equations of the form dy\/dx + py = q<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Unit IV: Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry (14 Marks)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

This unit in maths syllabus for class 12 combines algebra and geometry through vector and 3D geometry concepts. Students explore vectors, scalar and vector products, lines, and planes in three dimensions. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

It develops visualization, spatial understanding, and problem-solving skills used in physics, engineering, and real-world applications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chapter & No.<\/strong><\/td>Topics Covered<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Chapter 10: Vectors<\/td>\u2022 Scalars and vectors
\u2022 Magnitude, direction
\u2022 Direction cosines & ratios
\u2022 Position vector
\u2022 Addition & scalar multiplication
\u2022 Dot product and cross product
\u2022 Applications<\/td><\/tr>
Chapter 11: Three-Dimensional Geometry<\/td>\u2022 Direction cosines & ratios of line
\u2022 Equation of line (Cartesian & vector)
\u2022 Skew lines, shortest distance
\u2022 Angle between two lines
\u2022 Equation of a plane
\u2022 Angle between two planes, a line and a plane<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Unit V: Linear Programming (5 Marks)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

This unit in class 12th mathematics syllabus introduces optimization problems using linear programming. Students learn to form linear inequalities, constraints, and objective functions, and solve them graphically. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

It develops analytical skills and practical applications in business, economics, and resource management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chapter & No.<\/strong><\/td>Topics Covered<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Chapter 12: Linear Programming<\/td>\u2022 Introduction, related terminology
\u2022 Constraints, objective function
\u2022 Feasible and infeasible regions
\u2022 Graphical method of solution
\u2022 Optimal feasible solutions<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Unit VI: Probability (8 Marks)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

This unit in the mathematics syllabus of class 12 extends probability concepts from Class 11. Students study conditional probability, Bayes\u2019 theorem, and independent events. These topics are vital for statistics, research, data analysis, and competitive exams.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chapter & No.<\/strong><\/td>Topics Covered<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Chapter 13: Probability<\/td>\u2022 Conditional probability
\u2022 Multiplication theorem
\u2022 Independent events
\u2022 Total probability
\u2022 Bayes\u2019 theorem<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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More Important Resources for CBSE Exam<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Class 11th Hornbill Syllabus<\/strong><\/a><\/td>CBSE Class 11th Commerce Subjects<\/a><\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
CBSE Full Form<\/a><\/strong><\/td>All about CBSE Class 11th<\/a><\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Class 11th Syllabus<\/a><\/strong><\/td>Class 12th Syllabus<\/a><\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Class 11th Commerce Books<\/a><\/strong><\/td>CBSE Board: All details<\/strong><\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Class 12th Mathematics Syllabus: Internal Assessment (20 Marks)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

In addition to the 80 marks theory paper, CBSE has allocated 20 marks for internal assessment in Class 12 Mathematics. This ensures continuous evaluation through tests, projects, and lab activities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Component<\/strong><\/td>Marks<\/strong><\/td>Details<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Periodic Tests<\/td>10<\/td>Best 2 out of 3 tests conducted during the academic year are considered. Tests include a balanced mix of very short, short, and long answer questions.<\/td><\/tr>
Mathematics Activities \/ Projects<\/td>10<\/td>Students must complete activities from the NCERT Mathematics Lab Manual. A proper record must be maintained.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n