24 February 2026 Current Affairs (With PDF)
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State Visit of the President of Brazil to India (2026): Key Outcomes and Significance
The State Visit of the President of the Brazil to India in February 2026 marked a major step in strengthening bilateral ties, especially in trade, digital cooperation, and strategic sectors.
Major Outcomes of the Visit
1. Trade Target Revised Upward
- Bilateral trade target increased from $20 billion to $30 billion by 2030
- Trade had already reached $15.21 billion in 2025, growing by over 25%
- Reflects strong economic complementarities between the two emerging economies
2. Strategic Agreements (10 MoUs Signed)
- Rare Earths and Critical Minerals: Important for electronics, EVs, defence, and renewable energy
- Postal Cooperation: Enhancing logistics, e-commerce, and postal connectivity
- MSME Entrepreneurship: Promoting small business cooperation and innovation
- Pharmaceutical Regulations: Facilitating drug approvals and healthcare collaboration
3. Digital Partnership Agreement
- Adoption of a Joint Declaration and Action Plan on Digital Partnership
- Focus areas: Digital infrastructure, Technology cooperation, Innovation ecosystems, AI and emerging technologies
4. Visa Facilitation Measures
- Validity of multiple-entry tourist and business visas extended from 5 years to 10 years
- Applies reciprocally to both countries
- Promotes: Business travel, Tourism, Academic and professional exchange
5. Other Priority Areas of Cooperation
- Both countries emphasized cooperation in Space technology, Renewable energy, Agriculture, Digital economy, Critical minerals supply chains
India–Brazil Relations: Key Background
- Diplomatic and Strategic Relations: Diplomatic relations established in 1948 and Upgraded to Strategic Partnership in 2006.
- Cooperation in Major Global Forums: India and Brazil cooperate closely in BRICS, G20, IBSA, United Nations, World Trade Organization, UNESCO, World Intellectual Property Organization They are also part of the G-4 grouping, advocating UN Security Council reforms.
- Trade Framework: Trade conducted under the India–MERCOSUR Preferential Trade Agreement. MERCOSUR includes Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay
- Renewable Energy Cooperation: Brazil is actively involved in India-led global energy initiatives like Co-founder of the Global Biofuel Alliance and Ratified the International Solar Alliance agreement in 2022
Strategic Importance for India
- Strengthens Global South Cooperation: India and Brazil are major leaders of the developing world.
- Secures Critical Mineral Supply Chains: Important for EV batteries, Semiconductors, Defence manufacturing
- Boosts Digital and Technology Collaboration: Supports India’s goals in AI, Digital infrastructure, Innovation
- Enhances Trade Diversification: Reduces dependence on traditional Western markets.
New Delhi Declaration on AI (India AI Impact Summit 2026)
The New Delhi Declaration was adopted at the India AI Impact Summit 2026, marking a major global step toward inclusive, safe, and collaborative artificial intelligence governance.
Key Highlights
- Endorsed by: 87 countries and two international organisations including the European Union and the International Fund for Agricultural Development
- Guiding philosophy: “Sarvajan Hitaya, Sarvajan Sukhaya” (Welfare of all, Happiness of all)
- Focuses on inclusive, ethical, and development-oriented AI
- Built around 7 pillars, supported by voluntary global initiatives
7 Pillars of the New Delhi Declaration
1. Democratizing AI Resources:
- Make foundational AI resources accessible and affordable globally
- Focus Areas: Open access AI models, Affordable compute infrastructure, Bridging digital divide between developed and developing countries
2. Economic Growth & Social Good:
- Use AI to drive inclusive economic growth.
- Focus Areas: Open-source AI adoption, Productivity improvement, AI for healthcare, agriculture, governance, and education
3. Secure & Trusted AI:
- Build trust through safe and accountable AI systems
- Focus Areas: Transparency, Security standards, Ethical frameworks, Industry-led voluntary compliance
4. AI for Science:
- Accelerate scientific research using AI
- Focus Areas: International research collaboration, Shared research infrastructure, Removing barriers to scientific innovation
5. Access for Social Empowerment:
- Ensure AI benefits all sections of society
- Focus Areas: Inclusion of marginalized communities, Multilingual AI systems, Public service delivery improvements
6. Human Capital Development:
- Prepare workforce for AI-driven economy
- Focus Areas: AI literacy programs, Vocational training, Reskilling and upskilling initiatives
7. Resilient, Efficient & Innovative AI Systems:
- Promote sustainable and resilient AI infrastructure
- Focus Areas: Energy-efficient AI systems, Robust digital infrastructure, Climate-sensitive AI development
Global Initiatives Launched Under the Declaration
- Charter for Democratic Diffusion of AI: Promotes locally relevant AI innovation ecosystems & Supports Global South participation
- Global AI Impact Commons: Platform for sharing successful AI solutions & Enables replication of best practices globally
- Trusted AI Commons: Repository of Tools, Benchmarks, Safety standards, Best practices
- International Network of AI for Science Institutions: Connects global research institutions & Promotes collaborative scientific innovation
- AI for Social Empowerment Platform: Platform for sharing scalable AI solutions for social welfare
- AI Workforce Development Playbook & Reskilling Principles: Guidance for governments to prepare workforce for AI transformation
- Guiding Principles on Resilient & Efficient AI: Focus on sustainability and energy-efficient AI systems
Significance of the Declaration
- Global Governance Leadership by India: Positions India as a leader in ethical and inclusive AI governance
- Focus on Global South Inclusion: Ensures developing countries benefit from AI revolution
- Promotes Open and Collaborative AI Ecosystem: Encourages open-source AI and shared infrastructure
- Supports Sustainable AI Development: Addresses energy consumption and environmental impact
- Workforce and Economic Transformation: Helps countries prepare for AI-driven economic change
Mandya Inscription Highlights Hoysala–Tamil Connections
A newly discovered inscription at the Sri Mahalakshmi Temple in Mandya district (Karnataka) provides fresh historical evidence of close cultural, political, and religious ties between the Hoysala rulers and Tamil regions during the 12th century. This reinforces the idea that South Indian dynasties were deeply interconnected rather than isolated.
About the Hoysala Dynasty (10th–14th Century)
1. Region:
- Southern Deccan, especially present-day Karnataka and the Kaveri basin
2. Founder:
- Nripa Kama II (initially feudatory of Western Gangas)
3. Capitals:
- Initial: Belur
- Later: Halebidu (also called Dwarasamudra)
4. Important rulers:
- Vishnuvardhana, Ballala II, Narasimha I
5. Period of peak power:
- 12th–13th century
UNESCO World Heritage Recognition
The Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysalas were declared UNESCO World Heritage Sites (42nd WHS), including:
- Chennakeshava Temple
- Hoysaleswara Temple
- Keshava Temple
These temples represent the pinnacle of medieval Indian temple architecture.
Hoysala Architecture Style
1. Vesara Style (Hybrid Style):
- Combination of Dravidian style (South India) and Nagara style (North India)
2. Stellate (Star-Shaped) Plan:
- Temples built on raised platform (adhisthana)
- Star-shaped layout improves aesthetic and structural strength
3. Material Used:
- Soapstone
- Soft and easily carved & Allows intricate detailing and sculptures
4. Types of Shrines:
- Ekakuta – Single shrine
- Dvikuta – Two shrines
- Trikuta – Three shrines
- Panchakuta – Five shrines (rare)
5. North Indian Influence:
- Presence of Bhumija shikhara, a North Indian tower form
Significance of the Mandya Inscription
- Cultural Linkages: Strong religious and cultural interactions between Karnataka and Tamil regions
- Political Interactions: Suggests alliances, influence, or administrative connections
- Economic Connectivity: Indicates temple patronage networks across regions
- Historical Evidence: Supports the idea of South India as an integrated civilisational and political zone
Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) of India
The Union Health Minister has launched an indigenously manufactured Tetanus & Adult Diphtheria (Td) vaccine, now formally integrated into India’s Universal Immunization Programme (UIP), strengthening protection against vaccine-preventable diseases.
About Universal Immunization Programme (UIP)
1. Genesis:
- Launched in 1978 as the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI)
- Re-launched as Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) in 1985
- One of the largest public immunization programmes in the world
2. Objective:
- Provide free vaccination to infants, children, and pregnant women against vaccine-preventable diseases
- Reduce child mortality, morbidity, and disability
Diseases Covered Under UIP (12 total)
- Nationwide Diseases (11): Diphtheria, Pertussis (Whooping cough), Tetanus, Polio, Measles, Rubella, Tuberculosis (severe childhood form), Rotavirus diarrhoea, Hepatitis B, Haemophilus influenzae type B (causes meningitis & pneumonia), Pneumococcal pneumonia
- Region-Specific Disease (1): Japanese Encephalitis (only in endemic districts)
Newly Introduced Td Vaccine
1. Purpose:
- Protects against Tetanus and Adult Diphtheria
2. Importance:
- Replaces older TT vaccine with broader protection
- Strengthens immunity in adolescents and adults
- Supports elimination of diphtheria and tetanus
Major Achievements of UIP
- Polio Elimination: India declared Polio-free in 2014
- Neonatal Tetanus Elimination: Achieved in 2015
- Reduction in Child Mortality: Significant fall in infant and under-5 mortality rates
Key Supporting Initiatives
- Intensified Mission Indradhanush (IMI 5.0): Targets children who missed routine vaccination & Focus on Measles-Rubella elimination
- U-WIN Portal: Digital platform to track vaccination records similar to CoWIN but for routine immunization
- Indigenous Vaccine Production: Promotes Atmanirbhar Bharat in vaccine manufacturing
Importance of UIP
- Health Impact: Prevents life-threatening diseases and Reduces child mortality and disability
- Economic Impact: Saves healthcare costs and Improves productivity
- Social Impact: Ensures equitable access to healthcare and Strengthens public health system
BAFTA Awards 2026
The Indian film Boong has won the Best Children’s & Family Film award at the BAFTA Awards 2026 — marking a significant global recognition for regional Indian cinema.
About Boong
- Language: Manipuri
- Director: Lakshmipriya Devi
- Theme: Follows a young boy’s emotional journey to reunite his broken family amid conflict in Manipur
- Significance: Highlights socio-political realities of Northeast India through a child’s perspective
The win brings international attention to regional storytelling and indigenous narratives from India’s Northeast.
About the BAFTA Awards
The BAFTA Awards are presented by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts.
1. Established:
- 1947
2. Country:
- United Kingdom
3. Venue:
- London
4. Frequency:
- Annual
5. Categories Covered:
- Film, Television, Games, Children’s & Family content
BAFTA is considered one of the most prestigious global entertainment awards, often compared with the Oscars and Golden Globes.
India’s First Namo Bharat Regional Rapid Transit System (RRTS)
The Prime Minister inaugurated India’s first Namo Bharat Regional Rapid Transit System (RRTS), aimed at transforming regional connectivity within the National Capital Region (NCR).
About Namo Bharat RRTS
- A rail-based, semi-high-speed commuter transit system
- Designed for speeds up to 180 km/h
- Built for inter-city regional travel within NCR
- Operates on a dedicated track corridor
- Implementing Agency: National Capital Region Transport Corporation (A joint venture between: Government of India, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan)
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