5+ Easy Tricks to Remember Articles of Indian Constitution

How Many Articles Are There in the Indian Constitution?

The Constitution of India originally contained 395 Articles when it came into force on January 26, 1950.

Since then, several Constitutional Amendments have added new Articles, while some provisions have been amended, repealed or omitted. This is why simply looking at the highest Article number does not tell you how many operative Articles exist today.

For competitive exams, trying to memorise every Article number separately is not practical. A better approach is to learn the most important Articles in groups and number patterns.

For example:

• Articles 14–18 deal with the Right to Equality.
• Articles 19–22 cover freedoms and protections.
• Articles 25–28 deal with Freedom of Religion.
• Articles 352, 356 and 360 cover Emergency provisions.
• Several Centre-State corresponding Articles can be recalled by adding 89 or 90.

Important Articles of Indian Constitution: At a Glance

Article	Provision
Article 14	Equality before law and equal protection of laws
Article 19	Protection of certain freedoms
Article 21	Protection of life and personal liberty
Article 21A	Right to Education
Article 32	Constitutional Remedies
Article 44	Uniform Civil Code
Article 51A	Fundamental Duties
Article 72	Pardoning power of President
Article 123	Ordinance-making power of President
Article 124	Establishment and constitution of Supreme Court
Article 161	Pardoning power of Governor
Article 213	Ordinance-making power of Governor
Article 214	High Courts for States
Article 324	Election Commission
Article 352	National Emergency
Article 356	Failure of constitutional machinery in a State
Article 360	Financial Emergency
Article 368	Amendment of Constitution

Tricks to Remember Articles of Indian Constitution

The three most useful tricks to remember articles of Constitution of India are:

1. Add 4 for Emergency Articles

Emergency provisions are among the easiest constitutional Articles to remember because they follow a clean numerical pattern.

Article 352: National Emergency

Article 352 deals with the proclamation of Emergency in circumstances specified by the Constitution.

Remember:

352 = National Emergency

Now add 4.

Article 356: Failure of Constitutional Machinery in a State

352 + 4 = 356

Article 356 deals with a situation where the constitutional machinery of a State fails. It is commonly associated with the President's Rule.

Now add another 4.

Article 360: Financial Emergency

356 + 4 = 360

Article 360 deals with Financial Emergency.

So, the full trick is:

352 → +4 → 356 → +4 → 360

Article	Provision	Memory Trick
352	National Emergency	Start
356	President's Rule	352 + 4
360	Financial Emergency	356 + 4

2. Add 89 for Many Centre-State Corresponding Articles

One of the most useful tricks to remember Articles of Indian Constitution is to compare similar provisions for the Union and the States.

For several important provisions, the corresponding State Article is:

Centre Article + 89 = State Article

This pattern works across a surprisingly useful set of Articles.

Centre	Provision	State	Provision
72	President's pardon	161	Governor's pardon
74	Council of Ministers	163	Council of Ministers
75	Union Ministers	164	State Ministers
76	Attorney General	165	Advocate General
77	Union business	166	State business
78	PM's duties	167	CM's duties
79	Parliament	168	State Legislature
85	Sessions of Parliament	174	Sessions of State Legislature
86	President addresses Houses	175	Governor addresses Legislature
88	Ministers/AG in Houses	177	Ministers/Advocate General
100	Voting in Parliament	189	Voting in State Legislature
102	Disqualification	191	Disqualification
105	Parliamentary privileges	194	State Legislature privileges
110	Money Bill	199	State Money Bill
111	President's assent	200	Governor's assent

Article 72 and Article 161: Pardoning Powers

72 + 89 = 161

• Article 72: Pardoning power of the President
• Article 161: Pardoning power of the Governor

So if you remember Article 72 for the President, adding 89 gives you Article 161 for the Governor.

Article 74 and Article 163: Council of Ministers

74 + 89 = 163

• Article 74: Council of Ministers to aid and advise the President
• Article 163: Council of Ministers to aid and advise the Governor

Article 75 and Article 164: Ministers

75 + 89 = 164

• Article 75: Other provisions relating to Union Ministers
• Article 164: Other provisions relating to State Ministers

Article 76 and Article 165: Attorney General and Advocate General

76 + 89 = 165

• Article 76: Attorney General for India
• Article 165: Advocate General for the State

This pair is particularly easy to remember because both are the highest law officers at their respective levels.

Article 77 and Article 166: Conduct of Government Business

77 + 89 = 166

• Article 77: Conduct of business of the Government of India
• Article 166: Conduct of business of the Government of a State

Article 78 and Article 167: Duties of PM and CM

78 + 89 = 167

• Article 78: Duties of the Prime Minister regarding furnishing information to the President
• Article 167: Duties of the Chief Minister regarding furnishing information to the Governor

Article 79 and Article 168: Parliament and State Legislature

79 + 89 = 168

• Article 79: Constitution of Parliament
• Article 168: Constitution of Legislatures in States

Article 85 and Article 174: Sessions of Legislatures

85 + 89 = 174

• Article 85: Sessions, prorogation and dissolution relating to Parliament
• Article 174: Sessions, prorogation and dissolution relating to State Legislature

Article 86 and Article 175: Right to Address the Houses

86 + 89 = 175

• Article 86: Right of the President to address and send messages to Houses
• Article 175: Right of the Governor to address and send messages to the State Legislature

Article 88 and Article 177: Rights of Ministers and Law Officers

88 + 89 = 177

• Article 88: Rights of Ministers and Attorney General in relation to Parliament
• Article 177: Rights of Ministers and Advocate General in relation to State Legislature

Article 100 and Article 189: Voting in Houses

100 + 89 = 189

• Article 100: Voting in Houses of Parliament
• Article 189: Voting in Houses of State Legislature

Article 102 and Article 191: Disqualification

102 + 89 = 191

• Article 102: Disqualification for membership of Parliament
• Article 191: Disqualification for membership of State Legislature

Article 105 and Article 194: Powers and Privileges

105 + 89 = 194

• Article 105: Powers and privileges of Parliament and its members
• Article 194: Powers and privileges of State Legislatures and their members

Article 110 and Article 199: Money Bills

110 + 89 = 199

• Article 110: Definition of Money Bill for Parliament
• Article 199: Definition of Money Bill for State Legislature

Article 111 and Article 200: Assent to Bills

111 + 89 = 200

• Article 111: Assent to Bills by the President
• Article 200: Assent to Bills by the Governor

3. Add 90 for Another Centre-State Article Block

Another group becomes easier when you use:

Centre Article + 90 = State Article

This pattern is especially useful for financial procedure and legislative provisions.

Centre Article	Provision	State Article	Provision
112	Annual Financial Statement	202	State Annual Financial Statement
113	Estimates	203	State estimates
114	Appropriation Bills	204	State Appropriation Bills
115	Supplementary grants	205	State supplementary grants
116	Votes on account	206	State votes on account
117	Financial Bills	207	State Financial Bills
118	Rules of procedure	208	State Legislature procedure
119	Financial procedure	209	State financial procedure
120	Language in Parliament	210	Language in State Legislature
121	Restriction on discussion	211	Corresponding State restriction
122	Courts and Parliament	212	Courts and State Legislature
123	President's Ordinance	213	Governor's Ordinance
124	Supreme Court	214	High Courts

Article 112 and Article 202: Annual Financial Statement

112 + 90 = 202

• Article 112: Annual Financial Statement for the Union
• Article 202: Annual Financial Statement for a State

In everyday exam language, these are often associated with the Union and State Budgets.

Article 113 and Article 203: Estimates

113 + 90 = 203

• Article 113: Procedure in Parliament with respect to estimates
• Article 203: Procedure in State Legislature with respect to estimates

Article 114 and Article 204: Appropriation Bills

114 + 90 = 204

• Article 114: Appropriation Bills at the Union level
• Article 204: Appropriation Bills at the State level

Article 115 and Article 205: Supplementary Grants

115 + 90 = 205

Both deal with supplementary, additional or excess grants at their respective levels.

Article 116 and Article 206: Votes on Account

116 + 90 = 206

These provisions cover matters such as votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants.

Article 117 and Article 207: Financial Bills

117 + 90 = 207

Both deal with special provisions relating to Financial Bills.

Article 118 and Article 208: Rules of Procedure

118 + 90 = 208

• Article 118: Rules of procedure for Parliament
• Article 208: Rules of procedure for State Legislatures

Article 119 and Article 209: Financial Procedure

119 + 90 = 209

These deal with regulation by law of procedure relating to financial business.

Article 120 and Article 210: Language

120 + 90 = 210

• Article 120: Language to be used in Parliament
• Article 210: Language to be used in State Legislature

Article 121 and Article 211: Restriction on Discussion

121 + 90 = 211

Both contain restrictions on certain discussions concerning judges.

Article 122 and Article 212: Courts and Legislative Proceedings

122 + 90 = 212

• Article 122: Courts not to inquire into proceedings of Parliament on specified grounds
• Article 212: Corresponding provision for State Legislature

Article 123 and Article 213: Ordinance-Making Power

123 + 90 = 213

This is one of the most useful pairs to remember:

• Article 123: President's ordinance-making power
• Article 213: Governor's ordinance-making power

Article 124 and Article 214: Supreme Court and High Courts

124 + 90 = 214

• Article 124: Establishment and constitution of the Supreme Court
• Article 214: High Courts for States

This is not an exact Centre-State mirror in the same way as some other pairs, but the +90 number pattern can still help you recall the two important judiciary Articles.

Explore Other Related Articles

Article 343 of the Indian Constitution

Anti-Defection Law

Tricks to Remember Articles Related to Fundamental Rights

Number patterns are useful, but some Articles are easier to remember as blocks.

1. Articles 14 to 18: Right to Equality

Instead of memorising five separate numbers, remember:

14–18 = Equality Block

• Article 14: Equality before law and equal protection of laws
• Article 15: Prohibition of discrimination on specified grounds
• Article 16: Equality of opportunity in public employment
• Article 17: Abolition of untouchability
• Article 18: Abolition of titles

The sequence can be remembered as:

Equality → No Discrimination → Equal Opportunity → No Untouchability → No Titles

2. Articles 19 to 22: Freedom and Protection Block

Remember: 19–22 = Freedom + Protection

• Article 19: Protection of certain freedoms
• Article 20: Protection in respect of conviction for offences
• Article 21: Protection of life and personal liberty
• Article 21A: Right to Education
• Article 22: Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases

A simple sequence is:

Freedom → Criminal Protection → Life → Education → Arrest Protection

3. Articles 23 and 24: Right Against Exploitation

These two Articles can be remembered together.

• Article 23: Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour
• Article 24: Prohibition of employment of children in certain hazardous work

4. Articles 25 to 28: Freedom of Religion

Instead of four separate tricks, remember:

25–28 = Religion Block

These Articles deal with different aspects of freedom of religion and related matters.

5. Articles 29 and 30: Cultural and Educational Rights

Remember: 29–30 = Culture + Education

• Article 29: Protection of interests of minorities
• Article 30: Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions

6. Article 32: Constitutional Remedies

Article 32 is one of the most important Fundamental Rights provisions.

It provides the constitutional mechanism for approaching the Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights.

For revision: 32 = Supreme Court + Fundamental Rights Remedy

This also helps distinguish it from Article 226.

Also explore about Fundamental Rights Borrowed From Which Country

Tricks to Remember Articles Related to DPSP

You do not need to memorise every Directive Principle first. Start with high-frequency Articles.

Article	Provision
39	Certain principles of policy
39A	Equal justice and free legal aid
40	Organisation of village panchayats
44	Uniform Civil Code
45	Early childhood care and education
48A	Protection and improvement of environment
50	Separation of judiciary from executive

A useful way to revise these is through their keywords:

• 39A = Legal Aid
• 40 = Panchayats
• 44 = UCC
• 48A = Environment
• 50 = Judiciary-Executive Separation

Check out other important Indian Constitution topics here:

Preamble of Indian Constitution	Schedules of Indian Constitution
Salient Features of Indian Constitution	Parts of Indian Constitution
Constitution Day of India	Drafting Committee of the Indian Constitution

Tricks to Remember Parliament Articles

Some Parliament Articles also follow a useful sequence.

Article 79, 80, 81

• Article 79: Constitution of Parliament
• Article 80: Composition of Rajya Sabha
• Article 81: Composition of Lok Sabha

Article 108, 110 and 112

These are also commonly tested:

• Article 108: Joint sitting of both Houses
• Article 110: Money Bill
• Article 112: Annual Financial Statement

Tricks to Remember Election Articles

Articles 324 to 326 form another easy group.

• Article 324: Election Commission
• Article 325: One general electoral roll; no exclusion on specified grounds
• Article 326: Elections on the basis of adult suffrage

Check out more Law-Related Topics here:

Basic Structure Doctrine of Indian Constitution	Preamble of Indian Constitution is Taken From Which Country?
Republic Feature of Indian Constitution is Borrowed From Which Country?	Indian Constitution is Both Rigid and Flexible

Important Constitutional Body Articles

Some Article numbers are best remembered directly because they are frequently asked.

Article	Constitutional Body/Provision
148	Comptroller and Auditor-General of India
280	Finance Commission
315	Union and State Public Service Commissions
324	Election Commission
338	National Commission for Scheduled Castes
338A	National Commission for Scheduled Tribes
338B	National Commission for Backward Classes

Know the interesting facts about the Indian Constitution