10 January 2026 Current Affairs (With PDF)

We bring you the most relevant and important news updates from around the world and India, specially curated for competitive exams and different entrance exams. Today's Current Affairs cover all significant national and international headlines, legal updates, economic news, and environmental highlights to boost your preparation. With our crisp, to-the-point coverage, you can confidently tackle current affairs questions in your exams

Ethical & Social Standards for AI in India

In a recent interaction with India’s AI start-ups, the Prime Minister of India emphasised that Indian AI models must be ethically grounded, socially responsible, and citizen-centric, ensuring that technology becomes a force for inclusive national transformation rather than unchecked disruption.

Core Ethical Principles for Indian AI Models

1. Ethical AI:

• Focus: Fair competition, respect for data privacy, and protection of creators’ rights.
• Illustration: AI systems trained on copyrighted content (books, art, music) without consent undermine the livelihood of small creators.
• This violates the Kantian ethical principle of treating individuals as ends in themselves, not merely as means.

2. Unbiased AI:

• Focus: Preventing AI systems from reinforcing historical and social prejudices.
• Illustration: Credit-scoring or loan algorithms granting higher credit limits to men than women due to biased historical datasets reflect algorithmic discrimination.

3. Transparent AI:

• Focus: Building trust, accountability, and addressing the black-box problem of AI decision-making.
• Illustration: Chitralekha, an open-source video transcreation platform by AI4Bhārat, promotes transparency and community participation in AI development.

Transformative Role of AI in Society

1. Public Service Delivery:

• AI improves targeting, monitoring, and efficiency of welfare schemes, reducing leakages.
• Example: MCA 3.0 Portal (Ministry of Corporate Affairs) uses AI/ML for seamless and faster regulatory compliance.

2. Access to Justice:

• AI expands inclusivity in the justice system by breaking language barriers.
• Example: SUVAS, an AI-based translation platform used by the Supreme Court, translates judgments into multiple Indian languages.

3. Sustainable Transformation:

• AI supports climate-resilient and energy-efficient systems.
• Example: AI-enabled smart grids optimise energy distribution, detect faults, and balance real-time supply–demand.

4. Other Key Sectors:

• Healthcare: AI-based diagnostics and telemedicine
• Education: Personalised learning platforms
• Disaster Management: AI-driven early warning and response systems

Key AI Initiatives in India

1. BharatGen:

• A government-funded initiative to develop multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs) aligned with India’s linguistic, cultural, and governance needs.

2. India AI Governance Guidelines (MeitY):

• Lays down foundational principles such as Data privacy, Transparency, Accountability, Responsible deployment of AI

3. ANRF – Mission AI for Science & Engineering:

• Aims to Boost AI research and innovation & Ensure real-world applicability and societal relevance of AI solutions

75 Projects Completed under Swadesh Darshan Scheme

The Ministry of Tourism announced the completion of 75 projects under the Swadesh Darshan Scheme, strengthening India’s tourism infrastructure through a theme-based and destination-centric approach.

About Swadesh Darshan Scheme

• Genesis: Launched in 2015
• Ministry: Ministry of Tourism
• Nature: Flagship central sector scheme
• Objective: Integrated development of theme-based tourist circuits & Enhancing tourism infrastructure, accessibility, and visitor experience
• Major Tourist Circuits: Buddhist Circuit, Heritage Circuit, Eco-Tourism Circuit, Himalayan Circuit, Coastal Circuit, Desert Circuit, etc.

Swadesh Darshan 2.0 (Revamped Version)

• Approach: Shift from circuit-based infrastructure to destination-centric, sustainable, and responsible tourism development
• Focus: Environmental sustainability, Local community participation, Enhanced tourist experience

Sub-Schemes under Swadesh Darshan 2.0

1. Challenge-Based Destination Development (CBDD):

• Projects Sanctioned: 36
• Thematic Categories: Spiritual Tourism, Culture & Heritage, Vibrant Village Programme, Ecotourism, Amrit Dharohar Sites
• Vibrant Village Destinations Identified: Arunachal Pradesh – Kibitho, Himachal Pradesh – Rakchham–Chhitkul, Sikkim – Grathang, Uttarakhand – Jadung and Mana

2. Tribal Homestay Development Guidelines:

• Aim: Development of 1,000 Tribal Homestays
• Implemented under: Pradhan Mantri Janjatiya Unnat Gram Abhiyan (PM-JUGA)
• Objective: Promote community-based tourism and tribal livelihoods

3. SASCI – Development of Iconic Tourist Centres:

• Special Assistance to States for Capital Investment (SASCI)
• Provides 50-year interest-free loans to States
• Objective: Develop iconic tourist centres at global standards

Other Key Tourism Initiatives in India

1. PRASHAD Scheme:

• Pilgrimage Rejuvenation and Spiritual Augmentation Drive
• Focus on infrastructure development at major pilgrimage and heritage sites

2. Medical Tourism:

• Medical Value Travel (MVT) sector projected to reach $13.42 billion by 2026

3. MICE Tourism:

• National Strategy and Roadmap formulated for Meetings, Incentives, Conferences & Exhibitions

4. Employment-Led Growth:

• Skill development in hospitality and tourism
• MUDRA loans for homestays and tourism enterprises

District-Led Textiles Transformation (DLTT) Initiative

The Ministry of Textiles has unveiled the District-Led Textiles Transformation (DLTT) Initiative to drive inclusive, export-oriented and sustainable growth across India’s textile value chain through a district-centric development model.

Objectives of DLTT

• Transform 100 high-potential districts into Global Export Champions
• Upgrade 100 Aspirational Districts into self-reliant textile hubs
• Strengthen MSMEs, skilling, exports, and value-addition at the district level

Categorisation of Districts

Districts are classified based on analysis of three parameters: Export Performance, MSME Ecosystem Strength, Workforce Presence

1. Champion Districts (Scale & Sophistication)

Focus on advanced competitiveness and global integration:

• Removal of high-end production and logistics bottlenecks
• Upgradation to Mega Common Facility Centres (CFCs)
• Integration of Industry 4.0 technologies (automation, digitisation)
• Direct export market linkages and branding support

2. Aspirational Districts (Foundation & Formalisation)

Focus on ecosystem creation from the ground up:

• Basic skilling, certification and workforce formalisation
• Establishment of Raw Material Banks
• Promotion of micro-enterprises through SHGs and cooperatives
• Support for cluster-based and artisanal textile activities

Special Focus Areas

Eastern & North-Eastern States

• Tribal belt development
• Improved logistics and connectivity
• Promotion of traditional textiles and GI tagging
• Integration of indigenous skills into national and global markets

Textile Sector in India – Snapshot

• GDP Contribution: ~2.3%
• Employment: Second-largest employer after agriculture; high female and rural participation
• Global Standing: 6th largest exporter of textiles & apparel
• Key Government Initiatives: Amended Technology Upgradation Fund Scheme (ATUFS), PM MITRA Parks (Mega Integrated Textile Regions), National Technical Textiles Mission

Personality in News: Madhav Gadgil

Renowned Indian ecologist and environmental thinker Madhav Gadgil passed away, marking the loss of one of India’s most influential voices in ecological conservation and sustainable development.

About Madhav Gadgil (1942–2026)

• Birth: 1942, Pune (Maharashtra)
• Field: Ecology, environmental science, biodiversity conservation
• Widely regarded as a pioneer of ecological thinking in India, especially in linking science with public policy and grassroots participation.

Key Contributions

1. Institution Building:

• Founder, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru (1982)
• Helped establish ecology as a strong interdisciplinary academic field in India.

2. Conservation Initiatives:

• Instrumental in the creation of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve (1986) — India’s first biosphere reserve.
• Played a crucial role in integrating scientific conservation with community participation.

3. Western Ghats Conservation:

Chairman, Western Ghats Expert Ecology Panel (WGEEP) (2010)

• Recommended:
  - Declaration of the entire Western Ghats as an Ecologically Sensitive Area (ESA).
  - Graded regulation model balancing development with environmental protection.
• Though controversial, the report became a landmark in India’s environmental governance discourse.

Policy and Governance

• Member, Prime Minister’s Science and Technology Advisory Council.
• One of the key architects of Biological Diversity Act, 2002
• Actively involved in the conceptual and implementation aspects of the Forest Rights Act, 2006, advocating community rights over forest resources.

Awards and Recognitions

• Padma Shri
• Padma Bhushan
• Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement
• Volvo Environment Prize
• UNEP – Champions of the Earth Award

Sawalkot Hydropower Project

The Government of India has accelerated work on the Sawalkot Hydropower Project, along with Ratle and Dulhasti, amid renewed tensions related to the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT).

About Sawalkot Hydropower Project

• Location: On the Chenab River, Jammu & Kashmir
• Type: Run-of-the-river hydropower project (Run-of-the-river projects generate power without large reservoirs, remaining broadly compliant with IWT design constraints.)
• Installed Capacity: 1,856 MW
• Status: Cleared and under acceleration as part of India’s strategic hydro push in J&K
• Hydropower Projects on the Chenab River
  - Operational: Salal, Baglihar, Dulhasti-I
  - Under Construction / Planned: Ratle, Dulhasti-II, Kiru, Kwar, Sawalkot

Strategic Significance

• Energy Security: Strengthens power availability in Jammu & Kashmir and northern India.
• Water Utilisation: Enhances India’s permissible utilisation of western rivers under IWT.
• Geopolitical Signalling: Infrastructure development amid IWT tensions reflects India’s intent to fully exercise treaty rights.
• Regional Development: Generates employment and boosts economic activity in J&K.

Indus Waters Treaty

• Signed: 1960 (India–Pakistan, brokered by World Bank)
• Western Rivers: Indus, Jhelum, Chenab → Primarily for Pakistan, with limited use allowed to India (non-consumptive, hydropower).
• Eastern Rivers: Ravi, Beas, Sutlej → Full rights to India.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA)

The United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA) released the World Economic Situation and Prospects (WESP) 2026 report, which projects India’s GDP growth at 7.2% for the financial year 2025–26, highlighting India’s relative resilience amid global economic uncertainties.

About UNDESA

• Institutional Status: A core department of the UN Secretariat
• Headquarters: New York City, USA
• Functional Role: Serves as the development pillar of the United Nations system

1. Mandate and Objectives:

• Supports countries in achieving Economic development, Social inclusion, Environmental sustainability
• Assists in the implementation and monitoring of global development frameworks, including the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
• Acts as a bridge between global norms and national policy formulation through research, data, and policy advisory services.

2. Leadership:

• Headed by the Under-Secretary-General for Economic and Social Affairs
• Appointment made by the UN Secretary-General

3. Key Publications and Outputs:

• World Economic Situation and Prospects, World Social Report, Sustainable Development Goals Report, World Population Prospects, International Migration Report

PANKHUDI Portal

The Ministry of Women and Child Development (MWCD) has launched the PANKHUDI Portal to strengthen collaboration, transparency, and structured participation in initiatives related to women and child development.

About PANKHUDI Portal

• Nature: An integrated single-window digital platform for partnership and CSR facilitation.
• Approach: Brings together voluntary efforts and institutional support on a unified interface.

1. Key Stakeholders Covered:

• Individuals and citizen contributors
• Non-Resident Indians (NRIs)
• Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs)
• Corporate entities (CSR participants)
• Government ministries, departments, and agencies

2. Thematic Focus Areas:

• Nutrition
• Health
• Early Childhood Care and Education
• Child welfare and protection
• Women-centric development initiatives

Objectives of the Portal

• Enhanced Coordination: Aligns efforts of multiple stakeholders working in the women and child development ecosystem.
• Transparency: Provides a clear, digital trail of contributions and partnerships.
• Structured Participation: Converts fragmented voluntary efforts into outcome-oriented collaborations.
• Efficient CSR Utilisation: Facilitates targeted and need-based deployment of CSR resources.

National Sports Board (Search-cum-Selection Committee) Rules, 2026

Composition of Search-cum-Selection Committee

1. Chairperson:

• Cabinet Secretary

2. Members:

• Secretary, Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports
• One person with experience in sports administration
• Two recipients of national sports awards

3. Function:

• Selection and appointment of members of the National Sports Board (NSB)

About National Sports Board (NSB)

1. Composition:

• Chairperson, Two other Members

2. Purpose / Role:

• Acts as the central authority for Granting board recognition to National Sports Bodies (NSBs/Federations) & Ensuring compliance with governance, transparency, and accountability norms under the National Sports Governance Act, 2025

3. Term of Members:

• 3 years or
• Up to 65 years of age, whichever is earlier

Special Window for Affordable and Mid-Income Housing (SWAMIH) Fund

As of 15 December 2025, around 61,000 homes across 110 stalled projects have been delivered under the SWAMIH Fund, including over 7,000 units in the EWS/rehabilitation category.

About SWAMIH Fund

1. Launch Year:

• 2019

2. Nature:

• Government-backed social impact investment fund

3. Purpose:

• Provide last-mile financing to stalled residential housing projects
• Focus on affordable and mid-income housing segments

4. Target Beneficiaries:

• Homebuyers stuck in incomplete projects, especially middle-class and EWS households

Management & Structure

• Fund Manager: SBI Ventures Limited. Wholly owned subsidiary of State Bank of India (SBI)
• Operates on a commercially viable yet socially impactful model
• Projects selected based on Clear land titles, Regulatory approvals, High probability of completion

SWAMIH Fund – II

• Announced in: Union Budget 2025–26
• Corpus: ₹15,000 crore
• Structure: Blended finance facility involving Government contribution, Banks and financial institutions, Private investors
• Objective: Fast-track completion of ~1 lakh additional housing units

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