17 November 2025 Current Affairs (With PDF)

Stay updated with 17 November 2025 Current Affairs on this page! We bring you the most relevant and important news updates from around the world and India, specially curated for competitive exams and different entrance exams. Today's Current Affairs cover all significant national and international headlines, legal updates, economic news, and environmental highlights to boost your preparation. With our crisp, to-the-point coverage, you can confidently tackle current affairs questions in your exams.

Centre Notifies Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Rules, 2025

The Ministry of Electronics and IT has notified the DPDP Rules, 2025, completing the full implementation of the Digital Personal Data Protection Act (DPDP Act), 2023—a major step in operationalising the Right to Privacy, affirmed as a fundamental right in K.S. Puttaswamy (2017).

About the DPDP Act, 2023

1. Purpose

Provides a comprehensive legal framework for:

• Protection of digital personal data.
• Obligations of Data Fiduciaries (entities processing data).
• Rights and duties of Data Principals (individuals).

2. Scope of the Act

Applies to:

(a) Processing of digital personal data within India, including:

• Data originally in digital form.
• Data collected in non-digital form but later digitized.

(b) Processing outside India if:

• It involves offering goods or services to individuals in India.

Key Obligations of Data Fiduciaries

1. Consent-Based Processing

• Personal data can be processed only after obtaining consent from the individual.
• Consent must be: Free, informed, specific, unambiguous, and revocable.

2. Children & Persons with Disabilities

Verifiable parental or guardian consent is mandatory for:

• Children below 18 years.
• Persons with disabilities requiring guardians.

Enforcement Mechanism

• Data Protection Board (DPB) established as the adjudicatory body.
• Powers similar to a civil court, including: Inquiry into personal data breaches,
• Imposition of penalties,
• Issuing directions for compliance.

PM pays tributes to Birsa Munda on his 150th Birth Anniversary

• 15th November is celebrated as Janjatiya Gaurav Divas, marking the birth anniversary of Bhagwan Birsa Munda.
• The Government of India declared this day as Janjatiya Gaurav Divas in 2021.

About Birsa Munda

1. Early Life

• Born in Ulihatu, Khunti district (present-day Jharkhand) in 1875.
• Birth name: Daud Munda.
• Belonged to the Munda tribe of the Chhotanagpur plateau.

2. Teachings & Beliefs

• Monotheism: Founded the sect Birsait, advocating belief in one God.
• Revivalist Movement: Opposed missionary influence; promoted purification of traditional Munda practices.
• Moral Code: Stressed cleanliness, hard work, purity, and avoidance of alcohol.

3. Role in Anti-Colonial Resistance

• Led the Munda Rebellion (Ulgulan – the Great Tumult).
• Fought against: British colonial rule
• Feudal oppression
• Exploitation by Dikus (outsiders: moneylenders, zamindars, missionaries)
• Revered as Bhagwan and honored as Dharti Aaba (Father of Earth).

4. Death & Legacy

• Died in Ranchi Jail on 9 June 1900 due to illness.
• His movement contributed to: Repeal of begar (forced labour) practices
• Formulation of Tenancy Act (1903) recognising Khuntkatti rights
• Chotanagpur Tenancy Act, 1908, which restricted transfer of tribal land to non-tribals

About the Munda Rebellion (1895–1900)

1. Objective

• To establish Munda Raj by overthrowing colonial rule and ending exploitation by Dikus.

2. Major Causes

• Zamindari system replacing traditional Mundari Khuntkatti community land ownership
• Beth Begari (forced labour) and bonded labour practices
• Exploitation by Dikus (moneylenders, traders, missionaries)
• Missionary attacks on tribal culture and customs

Belem Action Plan for Health and Climate Adaptation

• The Belem Action Plan for Health and Climate Adaptation was launched at COP30 in Belém, Brazil.
• It is the world’s first international climate adaptation document focused exclusively on health.

Key Highlights

1. Aim

• To strengthen global health systems to better cope with the impacts of climate change.

2. Foundational Principles

• Health Equity & Climate Justice
• Leadership & Governance on climate–health issues with strong social participation

Three Lines of Action for Climate-Resilient Health Systems

1. Surveillance & Monitoring

• Climate-informed early warning systems
• Integrated climate–health data platforms

2. Evidence-Based Policy & Capacity Building

• Upskilling health workforce
• Gender-responsive, equity-focused health policies
• Integration of mental health & psychosocial support
• Planning for vulnerable populations

3. Innovation & Production

• Climate-resilient infrastructure
• Just transitions in health systems
• Sustainable, shock-resistant supply chains
• Tools for evaluating return on investment in climate–health adaptation

Funding

• Backed by Climate and Health Funders Coalition
• 35 philanthropies pledged an initial USD 300 million for implementation.

Why Such a Climate–Health Adaptation Plan Is Needed?

• 540,000+ deaths annually from extreme heat
• 1 in 12 hospitals globally at risk of climate-related disruptions
• 3.3–3.6 billion people already living in highly climate-vulnerable areas
• Hospitals face 41% higher risk of damage from extreme weather events

Government Shutdown

The U.S. President signed a stopgap bill, ending what had become the longest government shutdown in U.S. history.

About Government Shutdowns

A government shutdown occurs when the legislature (U.S. Congress) fails to pass essential budget or appropriations bills, preventing the executive branch from accessing funds required to operate.

Why Shutdowns Occur (U.S. Context)

• The U.S. follows a Presidential System, where there is strict separation of powers between the Executive and Legislature.
• Without congressional approval of spending bills, federal agencies cannot legally spend money → forcing a shutdown.

Impact of Shutdowns

• Partial or full suspension of government operations
• Federal employees may face: Furlough (temporary unpaid leave), Delayed salaries
• National parks, regulatory bodies, and public services face disruptions
• Economic losses due to halted government activity

Why Shutdowns Do Not Occur in India

• India has a Parliamentary system, where the executive is part of the legislature and depends on the confidence of the Lok Sabha.
• If a budget is not passed, it becomes a confidence issue, not a shutdown.
• Temporary funding is ensured through Vote-on-Account under Article 116 until the full budget is passed.

Colombo Security Conclave (CSC)

The National Security Adviser (NSA) of India has invited Bangladesh to the upcoming Colombo Security Conclave (CSC) meeting in New Delhi.

About Colombo Security Conclave

• Established: 2020
• Nature: Regional security grouping in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).
• Purpose: To enhance regional security cooperation by addressing transnational threats and security challenges shared by member countries.

Members

• India
• Sri Lanka
• Maldives
• Mauritius
• Bangladesh (recently joined)

Observer: Seychelles

Five Pillars of Cooperation

• Maritime Security
• Countering Terrorism
• Combating Transnational Organised Crime
• Cyber Security
• Humanitarian Assistance & Disaster Relief (HADR)

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