26 June 2025 Current Affairs (With PDF)

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RBI Relaxes Priority Sector Lending Norms for Small Finance Banks (SFBs)

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has revised the Priority Sector Lending (PSL) guidelines specifically for Small Finance Banks (SFBs), effective FY 2025–26.

Legal Basis

• The new rule is issued under Section 22(1) of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.

Earlier PSL Norms for SFBs

75% of Adjusted Net Bank Credit (ANBC) had to be lent to priority sectors.

• 40%: Mandatory PSL (e.g., agriculture, MSMEs).
• 35%: Flexible PSL – SFBs could choose sectors based on their lending strategy within PSL framework.

Revised PSL Norms (Effective FY 2025–26)

PSL requirement reduced from 75% to 60% of ANBC.

• 40%: Remains mandatory for specified PSL categories.
• 20%: Can now be used for non-PSL secured retail lending, including:

- Loans Against Property (LAP)
- Personal Loans
- Other secured credit instruments

Impact of the Relaxation

• Credit Diversification: Encourages SFBs to move beyond microfinance-heavy portfolios, thus reducing concentration risk.
• Enhanced Lending Capacity: Frees up nearly ₹40,000 crore, enabling expansion into lower-risk, collateral-backed lending.
• Improved Financial Stability: SFBs can target a wider borrower base and improve asset quality over time.

About Priority Sector Lending (PSL)

About Small Finance Banks (SFBs)

Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) Empowered to Issue Joint Orders

The Defence Minister has officially authorised the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) to issue joint operational orders applicable to the Army, Navy, and Air Force.

This marks a paradigm shift from the previous practice, where each service issued separate orders, often leading to delays and duplication.

Understanding Jointness & Integration

1. Jointness

• Definition: Coordinated, synergised use of resources across all three services while preserving their distinct identities.
• Objective: Maximise operational efficiency, eliminate redundancy, and strengthen inter-service cooperation.

2. Integration

• Definition: A deeper reform step involving the formal merging of components from all services into a unified structure.
• Outcome: Streamlined logistics, unified training doctrines, and consolidated operational command structures.

Significance of the Reform

• Precursor to Theatre Commands: Joint orders are essential for the smooth functioning of upcoming Theatre Commands.
• Supports 2025's designation as the "Year of Defence Reforms", focusing on nine key priority areas.
• Enables faster, unified decision-making, especially during joint operations and crises.

Recent & Supporting Initiatives for Jointness

India in the Top 100 of Sustainable Development Report 2025

India has entered the Top 100 in the Sustainable Development Report (SDR) 2025, improving its rank from 109 (2024) to 99.

Released by the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN), the report monitors global progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

About the SDR

• Launched: Annually published since 2016.
• Publisher: UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN), established in 2012 to mobilize science and technology in support of SDGs and the Paris Agreement.
• 2025 Theme: “Financing Sustainable Development to 2030 and Mid-Century.”
• Purpose: Tracks country-wise progress on the 17 SDGs of the 2030 Agenda.

What are the SDGs?

• Adopted in: 2015 by all UN Member States.
• Total Goals: 17 global goals, ranging from poverty eradication to climate action.
• Predecessor: Built upon the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) which were active from 2000 to 2015.

Key Findings of the SDR 2025

1. Global Outlook:

• 190 out of 193 countries have adopted national action plans.
• Yet, no SDG is on track to be fully achieved by 2030.
• Progress is being stalled by:

- Ongoing geopolitical conflicts.
- Structural economic vulnerabilities.
- Limited fiscal capacity in low- and middle-income countries.
- Delayed financial support from high-income countries to Multilateral Development Banks.

2. India’s Performance:

• Rank in 2025: 99 (up from 109 in 2024).
• Significant improvement in select areas, reflecting stronger policy focus.
• Challenges remain in: SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), SDG 13 (Climate Action), SDG 5 (Gender Equality)

3. Top Performers:

• Finland ranked 1st in the global SDG Index.
• Barbados leads in UN Multilateralism Index (UN-Mi).
• U.S. ranked lowest in support for UN multilateralism.

SDG Progress Dashboard (Sample Categories)

Committee on Estimates: 75 Years of Fiscal Oversight

The Estimates Committee has completed 75 years since its establishment in 1950, making it the oldest and largest of India’s three key financial committees.

What is the Estimates Committee?

Key Mandates & Functions

• Review of Government Expenditure: Examines budget estimates to ensure efficiency and economy in expenditure.
• Suggests Organizational Improvements: Recommends reforms in the functioning of ministries/departments.
• Evaluates Policy Execution: Offers alternative policies to improve outcomes and administrative efficiency.
• Recommends Presentation Format: Proposes how estimates should be structured and laid before Parliament.
• Accountability Mechanism: Ministries must act on committee recommendations within 6 months or as specified.

Comparison with Other Financial Committees

Significance

• A vital tool of legislative control over executive spending.
• Encourages fiscal prudence, policy efficiency, and democratic oversight.

Amended BharatNet Program

Gujarat has become the first state to implement the Amended BharatNet Program (ABP) under the state-led model, marking a major step in rural digital infrastructure.

Background: From BharatNet to ABP

• Original BharatNet Scheme: Launched to provide broadband connectivity to all Gram Panchayats (GPs) across India.
• Need for Amendment: The original design faced delays and last-mile connectivity challenges.
• ABP Approved: In 2023, the Union Cabinet approved ABP as a revamped version to enhance efficiency, reach, and sustainability.

Key Objectives of ABP

1. Provide Optical Fibre (OF) connectivity to:

• 2.64 lakh Gram Panchayats in a ring topology (a circular layout for improved network redundancy).
• Non-GP villages on demand via scalable expansion.

2. Deliver minimum 25 Mbps download speed to every FTTH (Fiber-to-the-Home) subscriber.

Salient Features

Significance of ABP

• Bridges the rural-urban digital divide.
• Promotes Digital Governance, Telemedicine, e-Education, and online services in villages.
• Empowers Digital Startups and Entrepreneurs in rural India.
• Enhances preparedness for 5G and future technologies at the grassroots level.

NAVYA Initiative: Skilling Adolescent Girls for a New-Age Workforce

The Government of India has launched the NAVYA vocational training initiative aimed at empowering adolescent girls through futuristic skill training.

About NAVYA Initiative

Objectives & Vision

• Equip young girls with industry-relevant vocational skills.
• Foster economic independence and entrepreneurial confidence.
• Break stereotypes by introducing girls to non-traditional, high-demand job roles.

Key Features

1. Skill Training through PMKVY 4.0

• Courses aligned with National Skills Qualifications Framework (NSQF).
• Includes upskilling, reskilling, and advanced vocational education.

2. Focus on New-Age Opportunities

Training for modern job roles such as:

• Graphic Designer
• Smartphone Technician
• Drone Assembly Expert
• Coding Assistant, etc.

3. Targeted Social Inclusion

• Special attention to marginalized, underprivileged adolescent girls in aspirational districts.
• Integrated support for career guidance and placement linkage.

Significance

• Promotes gender-inclusive workforce development.
• Enhances access to non-traditional employment pathways.
• Supports Digital India, Startup India, and Make in India by preparing a future-ready female workforce.
• Helps achieve SDG 5 (Gender Equality) and SDG 8 (Decent Work & Economic Growth).

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