7 May 2026 Current Affairs (With PDF)

We bring you the most relevant and important news updates from around the world and India, specially curated for competitive exams and different entrance exams. Today's Current Affairs cover all significant national and international headlines, legal updates, economic news, and environmental highlights to boost your preparation. With our crisp, to-the-point coverage, you can confidently tackle current affairs questions in your exams.

Increase in Supreme Court Judge Strength

Context

The Union Cabinet approved the introduction of the Supreme Court (Number of Judges) Amendment Bill, 2026 to increase the strength of the Supreme Court of India from 34 to 38 judges (37 judges + Chief Justice of India).

Constitutional Basis

• Article 124: Empowers Parliament to increase the number of Supreme Court judges by law.

Legal Framework

• Governed by the Supreme Court (Number of Judges) Act, 1956
• Any increase requires:
  - Amendment Bill passed by both Houses of Parliament
  - Simple majority sufficient
  - Presidential assent

Significance

1. Faster Disposal of Cases

• Helps reduce massive judicial backlog

2. Timely Justice Delivery

• Improves efficiency in constitutional & civil matters

3. Better Bench Formation

• Easier constitution of Constitution Benches, Special benches and Larger benches for important cases

4. Strengthening Judicial Capacity

• Addresses rising litigation burden

Challenges Beyond Increasing Numbers

• Judicial vacancies in High Courts
• Infrastructure limitations
• Delays in appointment process
• Need for procedural reforms & digitisation

Can the Chief Minister Refuse to Resign After Losing Majority?

Context

The issue arose after the Chief Minister of West Bengal reportedly refused to resign following an electoral defeat.

Office of the Chief Minister

• Constitutional Position: Appointed by the Governor under:
• Article 164: The CM is the real executive head of the State.

Role of the CM

1. Head of Council of Ministers

• Leads the Council of Ministers (CoM)
• Allocates portfolios
• Coordinates administration

2. Aid and Advice to Governor

• Article 163: CoM headed by CM aids and advises the Governor.

3. Duties Towards Governor

• Article 167: CM must communicate Cabinet decisions and information sought by Governor.

4. Conduct of Government Business

• Article 166: Government business is conducted in the Governor’s name.

Can a CM Continue After Losing Majority?

• Majority Principle: A CM remains in office only while enjoying majority support in the Legislative Assembly.
• If Majority is Lost, The Governor may:
  - Ask the CM to prove majority on the floor of the House
  - Seek resignation
  - Dismiss the government if majority is clearly lost
  - Invite another leader with majority support to form government
• No Dual Authority: Constitutionally, only one CM can hold office at a time.
• Once a new CM is sworn in, the previous CM automatically ceases to hold office.

Assembly Tenure

• Article 172: State Legislative Assembly tenure = 5 years, unless dissolved earlier.

World Migration Report 2026

International Organization for Migration released the World Migration Report 2026, a biennial report published since 2000 that tracks global migration patterns, displacement, remittances, and demographic trends.

Key Global Findings

1. Global Migration Trends

• International migrants reached 304 million people, accounting for nearly 3.7% of the global population.
• Forced displacement worldwide crossed 120 million people, reflecting growing humanitarian crises.

2. Climate-Induced Displacement

• Natural disasters caused around 65.8 million internal forced movements within countries.
• Climate-related disasters such as floods, cyclones, droughts, and wildfires are becoming major drivers of migration.

3. Economic Impact

• Global remittances touched approximately USD 905 billion in 2024.
• Of this, nearly USD 685 billion flowed to low- and middle-income countries, highlighting migration’s role in supporting developing economies.

India-Related Findings

1. Largest Global Diaspora

• India continues to have the largest diaspora population in the world.
• Major migration corridors include India–UAE corridor (mainly migrant workers) & India–U.S. corridor (primarily skilled professionals and students)

2. Remittances

• India remained the world’s top remittance recipient, receiving around USD 137 billion in 2024.
• It is the only country to cross the USD 100 billion remittance mark.

3. Internal Displacement

• India recorded the second-highest disaster-induced internal displacement in Asia, with more than 5 million displacements.

4. From Brain Drain to Brain Gain

• The Indian diaspora increasingly contributes through investments, technology and knowledge transfer, entrepreneurship & diplomatic and political influence abroad.

This reflects a transition from traditional “brain drain” to a broader “brain gain” framework.

Significance of Migration for India

• Strengthens foreign exchange reserves through remittances.
• Enhances India’s global influence via its overseas diaspora.
• Supports sectors like IT, healthcare, education, and services through skilled migration.
• Raises policy concerns regarding migrant worker protection, climate migration, urban stress due to internal displacement and social security for overseas Indians.

Article 24 of the ILO

Tea plantation workers in West Bengal invoked Article 24 of the Constitution of the International Labour Organization (ILO) alleging labour rights violations and poor working conditions in tea estates.

What is Article 24 of the ILO Constitution?

• Article 24 provides a formal mechanism through which industrial associations of workers, or employers’ organisations can file a complaint against a member country for failing to implement a ratified ILO Convention.

Procedure Under Article 24

• A representation/complaint is submitted to the ILO.
• The International Labour Organization Governing Body examines whether it is admissible.
• If accepted, a tripartite committee (governments, employers, workers) may be constituted.
• The committee investigates the complaint and publishes its findings and recommendations.

Significance

• Acts as an international accountability mechanism for labour rights.
• Strengthens enforcement of ILO conventions ratified by member states.
• Provides workers and unions a platform beyond domestic legal systems.

About the International Labour Organization (ILO)

• Founded in 1919 under the Treaty of Versailles.
• It is a specialized UN agency headquartered in Geneva.
• Objective: Promote social justice, ensure decent work, protect labour rights and improve working conditions globally.
• The ILO follows a tripartite structure involving governments, employers, workers.

Tea Act, 1953

• The Tea Act, 1953 established the Tea Board to regulate cultivation, production, sale and export of Indian tea.
• Powers of the Tea Board: Can oversee tea industry development.
• The Central Government can take over sick or poorly managed tea estates under specified conditions.

Issues Faced by Tea Plantation Workers

• Low wages and delayed payments.
• Poor housing, sanitation, and healthcare.
• Lack of social security and labour protections.
• Occupational health risks and exploitative working conditions.

New SOP for FDI Approvals

Context

The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade has issued a revised Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Foreign Direct Investment approvals to make the process more transparent, digital, and time-bound.

Key Highlights

• Time-bound approvals: FDI proposals requiring government approval must now be cleared within 12 weeks.
• Presumed consent rule: If ministries or the RBI do not respond within 8 weeks, approval may proceed through deemed concurrence.
• DPIIT oversight strengthened: Administrative ministries cannot reject proposals without formal approval from DPIIT.
• Fully digital system: Applications will be processed through the National Single Window System (NSWS) and the Foreign Investment Facilitation (FIF) Portal.
• Higher investment threshold: No prior approval is needed for equity increases up to ₹5,000 crore if ownership structure remains unchanged.
• Mandatory security clearance: Investments from countries sharing a land border with India require stricter scrutiny in sensitive sectors such as defence, telecom, civil aviation, broadcasting, private security, space, and mining of titanium-bearing minerals.
• Dedicated FDI Cells: Ministries must create specialised FDI monitoring units headed by Joint Secretary-level officers.

Significance

• Reduces bureaucratic delays and duplication.
• Improves ease of doing business and investor confidence.
• Enhances transparency and accountability in FDI clearances.
• Balances economic openness with national security concerns.

FDI Snapshot

• India became the 15th-largest global FDI destination with inflows of nearly $90 billion in 2025–26.
• Singapore remains the largest investing country (~25%).
• Maharashtra is the leading recipient state (~31% of total inflows).

Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI)

The Manufacturing PMI for India rose to 54.7 in April 2026, indicating continued expansion in manufacturing activity, though it marked the second-slowest pace of improvement in nearly four years.

What is PMI?

• The Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) is a key leading economic indicator that measures business activity and overall economic health in the manufacturing or services sector.
• It is based on surveys conducted among purchasing managers, who provide early insights into production, demand, employment, and supply-chain conditions.

1. Compiled By

• PMI for India is compiled by S&P Global using responses from over 400 purchasing managers.

2. Components of PMI

• New Orders
• Output
• Employment
• Suppliers’ Delivery Times
• Stock of Items Purchased

3. Interpretation of PMI

• PMI > 50 → Expansion/Growth in economic activity
• PMI = 50 → No change
• PMI < 50 → Contraction/Decline in activity

Importance of PMI

• Acts as an early indicator of economic trends before official industrial data is released.
• Helps investors, businesses, and policymakers assess demand conditions, production trends, inflationary pressures, employment outlook, supply-chain efficiency.

Mission for Cotton Productivity (Kapas Kanti)

Context

The Union Cabinet approved the Mission for Cotton Productivity (2026–27 to 2030–31), announced in the Union Budget 2025–26.

About the Mission

• Popularly called Kapas Kanti
• Aligns with India’s 5F Vision: Farm→Fibre→Factory→Fashion→Foreign

1. Objective

• Make India self-sufficient in cotton
• Enhance global competitiveness of India’s textile sector
• Improve productivity, quality, and sustainability by 2030–31

2. Implementing Ministries

• Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
• Ministry of Textiles

3. Coverage

• Initial focus on 140 districts across 14 major cotton-growing states

One Liners

• India’s First Portable MRI (AIR): All India Institute of Medical Sciences (Delhi) introduced India’s first portable MRI system for ICU and emergency patients.
• MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to generate detailed images of organs and tissues. Unlike X-rays and CT scans, it does not use ionising radiation.
• Sanchar Madhyam (PIB): Indian Institute of Mass Communication released a commemorative issue of Sanchar Madhyam to mark 200 years of Hindi journalism.
• Hindi Journalism: Udant Martand was the first Hindi newspaper, launched in 1826 from Kolkata by Jugal Kishore Shukla.

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