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8 November 2025 Current Affairs (With PDF)

Stay updated with 8 November 2025 Current Affairs on this page! We bring you the most relevant and important news updates from around the world and India, specially curated for competitive exams and different entrance exams. Today's Current Affairs cover all significant national and international headlines, legal updates, economic news, and environmental highlights to boost your preparation. With our crisp, to-the-point coverage, you can confidently tackle current affairs questions in your exams.

 

Wildlife Institute of India (WII) releases 1st Pan-India Assessment and Monitoring of Endangered Vultures

The Wildlife Institute of India (WII) conducted India’s first nationwide vulture assessment, focusing on four Critically Endangered species:

  • White-rumped Vulture (Gyps bengalensis)
  • Indian Vulture (Gyps indicus)
  • Slender-billed Vulture (Gyps tenuirostris)
  • Red-headed Vulture (Sarcogyps calvus)

Major Findings

  • Geographic Coverage: Surveyed 216 sites across 17 states.
  • Range Contraction: Nesting absent in nearly 70% of historical vulture sites.
  • Protected Areas (PAs): Contain 54% of all recorded nests, showing heavy dependence on PAs.

Species-wise Highlights:

Species

Key States

Habitat/Dependence

Remarks

Indian Vulture
(Gyps indicus)

Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan

Secure cliff sites

Largest population in Mukundra Hills

White-rumped Vulture
(Gyps bengalensis)

Himachal Pradesh

Kangra Valley

Concentrated colonies

Slender-billed Vulture
(Gyps tenuirostris)

Assam (Upper Assam)

Tall forest trees

Smallest range

Red-headed Vulture
(Sarcogyps calvus)

Madhya Pradesh

Dense undisturbed forests

Extremely low & fragmented


About Vultures in India

  • Habitat: Tropics & subtropics; 9 species found in India.
  • Ecological Role: Scavengers — maintain clean environment and prevent disease spread by consuming carcasses.
  • Legal Protection: Schedule I, Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

Threats

  • Habitat destruction and food scarcity
  • Veterinary drug poisoning — especially diclofenac, ketoprofen, aceclofenac
  • Electrocution from power lines
  • Decline in livestock carcass availability

Conservation Efforts

  • Ban on harmful veterinary drugs (diclofenac, ketoprofen, aceclofenac)
  • Action Plan for Vulture Conservation (2020–25)
  • Establishment of Vulture Breeding Centres in Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Assam, and others

 

Redrawing Welfare Architecture through Universal Basic Income (UBI)

The idea of Universal Basic Income (UBI) — first proposed in India by the Economic Survey 2016–17 — is regaining relevance as socio-economic pressures expose the limitations of existing welfare systems.

Key Drivers Behind Renewed Relevance

1. Rising Wealth Inequality:

India’s rich–poor divide has widened to levels seen in the pre-independence era.

2. Technology-Led Job Displacement:

Automation and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are threatening semi-skilled and informal employment.

3. Growing Economic Insecurity:

Gig and platform-based workers face unstable incomes and minimal social protection.

4. Socio-Environmental Stress:

Climate change, migration, and mental health burdens are disrupting livelihoods and household stability.


About Universal Basic Income (UBI)

1. Definition:

  • A periodic, unconditional cash transfer made to all citizens, regardless of income or employment status.

2. Core Principles:

  • Universality: Every citizen is eligible.
  • Unconditionality: No preconditions such as work or income level.
  • Agency: Empowers individuals with economic choice and dignity.

3. Global Experience:

  • Finland, Kenya and other countries piloting UBI observed improvements in health, food security, and mental well-being.

Significance for India

  • Offers a streamlined, inclusive alternative to fragmented welfare schemes.
  • Can serve as a social safety net in a rapidly changing economy.
  • Aligns with the vision of Atmanirbhar Bharat by empowering individuals directly.

 

Failure to Supply Written Grounds of Arrest Renders Arrest Illegal: Supreme Court (SC)

Case: Mihir Rajesh Shah vs. State of Maharashtra & Anr

Key Highlights of the Judgment

1. Fundamental Right under Article 21 & 22(1):

  • The right to be informed of the grounds of arrest is a constitutional and mandatory safeguard under Article 22(1), read with Article 21 (right to life and personal liberty).
  • The failure to provide written grounds of arrest violates these rights, rendering the arrest unconstitutional.

2. Applicability:

  • The ruling extends the protection to all offences, including those under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) — not just special laws like UAPA or PMLA.

3. Mode of Communication:

  • Grounds of arrest must be in writing and in a language understandable to the arrestee.

4. Exceptional Circumstances:

  • If immediate written supply isn’t possible, the grounds may be conveyed orally, but written grounds must be provided within two hours before the accused is produced before a magistrate for remand.
  • Ensures balance between individual rights and investigative efficiency.

Constitutional Provisions Involved

  • Article 21: Protection of life and personal liberty.
  • Article 22(1): Right to be informed of grounds of arrest and to consult a legal practitioner of one’s choice.

Significance

  • Strengthens procedural safeguards against arbitrary arrest.
  • Promotes transparency and accountability in the arrest process.
  • Reinforces the constitutional supremacy of personal liberty and due process.

 

State of the Climate Update for COP30 – WMO Report (2025)

Released by: World Meteorological Organization (WMO)

Key Highlights:

  • 2025: Projected to be the 2nd or 3rd warmest year ever recorded.
  • Warmest Decade: The 2015–2025 period marks the warmest 11-year span in 176 years of recorded history.
  • Trend: All last 11 years (2015–2025) are the warmest on record, underscoring accelerating global warming.
  • Greenhouse Gas Levels:
  • CO₂, CH₄ (methane), and N₂O (nitrous oxide) reached record-high concentrations in 2024 and continue to rise in 2025.
  • Paris Agreement Concern: The findings indicate that the world is off-track to meet the Paris climate targets.
  • Positive Developments:
  • Renewable energy deployment is expanding rapidly.
  • Climate action plans are becoming more science-driven, guided by climate services and data-based policy inputs.

 

Kazakhstan Joins the Abraham Accords

The U.S. President has confirmed that Kazakhstan will become part of the Abraham Accords, expanding the framework of Middle East peace and normalization efforts.

About the Abraham Accords:

  • Objective: To normalize diplomatic, trade, and security relations between Israel and several Arab or Muslim-majority nations, thereby reducing regional tensions.
  • Significance: Seeks to defuse long-standing hostilities in the Middle East and promote cooperation in fields such as technology, defense, and energy.
  • Name Origin: Derived from Abraham, the biblical patriarch revered in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, symbolizing shared heritage and brotherhood.
  • Inception: Signed in 2020, initially involving Israel, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Bahrain, and Morocco, with U.S. mediation.
  • New Member: Kazakhstan — marking an important Central Asian inclusion and a broadening of the Accord’s geographic and diplomatic reach.

 

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