26 September 2025 Current Affairs (With PDF)

Stay updated with 26 September 2025 Current Affairs on this page! We bring you the most relevant and important news updates from around the world and India, specially curated for competitive exams and different entrance exams. Today's Current Affairs cover all significant national and international headlines, legal updates, economic news, and environmental highlights to boost your preparation. With our crisp, to-the-point coverage, you can confidently tackle current affairs questions in your exams. 

Cabinet Approves ₹69,725 Crore Package for Shipbuilding and Maritime Sector

Why in News

The Union Cabinet (Sept 2025) approved a ₹69,725 crore package to strengthen India’s shipbuilding and maritime ecosystem.

Key Features of the Package

1. Four-Pillar Approach

• Strengthening domestic shipbuilding capacity.
• Expanding long-term financing mechanisms.
• Promoting greenfield & brownfield shipyard development.
• Enhancing technical skills, legal, taxation, and policy reforms.

2. Major Schemes Introduced

• Extension of Shipbuilding Financial Assistance Scheme (SBFAS): Extended till March 31, 2036 to incentivize shipbuilding.
• Maritime Development Fund (MDF): Long-term financing support for shipbuilding, clusters, repairs, ship ownership, ports, inland waterways, and coastal shipping.
• Shipbuilding Development Scheme (SbDS): Expands capacity to 4.5 million Gross Tonnage (GT) annually.
• National Shipbuilding Mission: Apex body to oversee and coordinate initiatives.

Significance

1. Economic & Employment Impact:

• Expected to generate ~30 lakh jobs.
• Likely to attract ₹4.5 lakh crore investments in maritime infrastructure.

2. Strategic Importance:

• Reduces dependence on foreign shipbuilders (China, South Korea, Japan).
• Enhances national, energy, and food security by securing critical maritime supply chains.

Cabinet Approves Expansion of UG & PG Medical Education Capacity

Why in News

The Union Cabinet (Sept 2025) approved Phase-III expansion of the Centrally Sponsored Scheme to strengthen and upgrade existing government medical colleges and institutions across India.

Current Status of Medical Education in India

• 808 medical colleges – the highest in the world.
• 1,23,700 MBBS seats available nationwide.

Significance of the Expansion

• Bridging Healthcare Gaps: Expands medical presence in underserved rural and remote areas.
• System Strengthening: Builds resilience of India’s healthcare infrastructure.
• Global Standards: Improves quality of medical training and research.
• Cost-Effective Expansion: Utilises existing government hospitals and infrastructure.
• Socio-Economic Impact: Strengthens healthcare workforce, improving public health outcomes.

Challenges in Medical Education

• Regional Imbalance: One-third of medical colleges are concentrated in South India.
• Accessibility Gap: 70% shortage of specialists in rural areas (MoHFW, 2024).
• Demand–Supply Mismatch: ~81% doctors practice in urban India, which houses only 31% of population.
• Under-utilisation: Some govt. colleges have high hospital bed capacity but limited MBBS seat allocation.

Key Initiatives for Expansion

• Targeted Seat Expansion (2028–29): +5,000 PG seats and +5,023 MBBS seats in govt. institutions.
• Infrastructure Augmentation: Establishment of 22 new AIIMS under Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY).
• Faculty Strengthening: New Medical Institution (Qualifications of Faculty) Regulations, 2025 to ensure inclusive and competency-based recruitment.

Global Cancer Burden Expected to Rise Sharply by 2050

Why in News

The Global Burden of Disease Cancer Collaborators project that by 2050, over 30.5 million people will be newly diagnosed with cancer, and cancer deaths will cross 18 million globally.

Key Findings of the Study

1. Role of Modifiable Risk Factors (2023):

• 42% of global cancer deaths linked to 44 preventable risk factors.
• Includes tobacco use, unhealthy diets, high blood sugar, alcohol consumption.
• Indicates a significant scope for prevention-driven strategies.

2. Deadliest Cancers Worldwide:

• Lung, Breast, Stomach, Prostate, and Cervical cancers.

3. Geographic Trends:

• Increase in deaths disproportionately higher in low- and middle-income countries compared to high-income regions.

India-Specific Findings

• Global Ranking: India ranks 168th out of 204 countries in cancer death rates.
• Major Contributors: Breast cancer and Lung cancer are leading causes.

Primary Causes of Cancer in India

1. Occupational & Environmental:

• Workplace exposures, air pollution.

2. Infections:

• Unsafe sex, HPV infections (cervical cancer).

3. Lifestyle & Diet:

• Rising obesity, high blood sugar, alcohol consumption, dietary changes.

4. Cultural & Geographic Factors:

• Betel nut/pan consumption → oral cancers.
• Hot beverages → oesophageal cancer.
• Tobacco (smoking, chewing, bidis) → lung & oral cancers.

Government and Institutional Initiatives

1. National Cancer Registry Programme (NCRP):

• ICMR-led database for evidence-based policymaking.

2. Union Budget 2025–26:

• Day Care Cancer Centres in all district hospitals within three years.

3. NPCDCS (National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, CVDs, and Stroke):

• Integrated approach under NHM.

4. Other Notable Steps:

• NexCAR19 therapy – India’s first indigenous CAR-T cell therapy.
• National Cancer Grid (NCG): Collaborative cancer care network.
• Quad Cancer Moonshot: International cooperation for research and advanced therapies.

GSTAT and GSTAT e-Courts Portal Launched

Why in News

The Union Minister for Finance and Corporate Affairs has launched the Goods and Services Tax Appellate Tribunal (GSTAT) along with the GSTAT e-Courts Portal, marking a key step in strengthening indirect tax dispute resolution under the GST regime.

Goods and Services Tax Appellate Tribunal (GSTAT)

1. Legal Basis:

• Established under Section 109 of the CGST Act, 2017.

2. Role:

• Acts as a second appellate authority in the GST framework.
• Provides taxpayers with an independent forum for appeals against orders of GST Appellate Authorities.

3. Structure & Benches:

• Principal Bench: Located in New Delhi.
• State Benches: 31 benches across 45 locations for nationwide coverage.
• Composition of Each Bench:
  - 2 Judicial Members
  - 1 Technical Member (Centre)
  - 1 Technical Member (State)

4. Significance:

• Ensures uniformity, fairness, and impartiality in tax dispute resolution.
• Embodies the principle of cooperative federalism through Centre–State representation.

GSTAT e-Courts Portal

1. Purpose:

• Enables online filing of appeals, case tracking, and virtual hearings.
• Enhances transparency, efficiency, and accessibility for taxpayers.

2. Developed by:

• GST Network (GSTN) in collaboration with National Informatics Centre (NIC).

J&K Police Arrest Alleged OGW Linked to Pahalgam Terror Attack

Why in News

The Jammu and Kashmir Police have arrested an alleged Over Ground Worker (OGW) accused of providing logistical support in the recent Pahalgam terror attack.

About Over Ground Workers (OGWs)

1. Definition:

• Civilians who secretly assist militants by offering logistical, financial, and operational support.

2. Functions of OGWs:

• Recruitment: Mobilizing and sometimes coercing local youth into terrorist ranks.
• Funding: Channelling money via hawala, counterfeit currency, tax evasion, and illegal trade.
• Coordination: Maintaining links with secessionist leaders, organized crime networks, and cross-border handlers.
• Legitimization: Spreading propaganda, radicalization, and exploiting local grievances to sustain militancy.

Measures to Neutralize OGWs

1. Legal Measures:

• Jamaat-e-Islami Jammu & Kashmir (JeI) declared an unlawful association under UAPA, 1967.
• OGWs linked to JeI face strict surveillance and prosecution.

2. Operational & Social Measures:

• Operation Sadbhavana: Community outreach, welfare of women and orphans to counter radicalization.
• Enhanced Intelligence Networks: For early detection of sleeper cells and radicalization attempts.
• Judicial Measures: Use of fast-track courts to expedite trials of terrorists and OGWs.

Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA), 1967

1. Objective:

• Prevent unlawful activities and terrorist operations by individuals or organizations.

2. 2019 Amendment:

• Allowed designation of individuals as terrorists, in addition to organizations.
• Expanded definition of terrorist acts by including provisions from the 2005 International Convention for Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism.

Sixth Schedule and Ladakh’s Demand for Inclusion

Why in News

Protests in the Union Territory of Ladakh demanding statehood and recognition under the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution have turned violent, bringing focus on tribal rights and self-governance in the region.

About the Sixth Schedule

1. Constitutional Basis:

• Provided under Article 244(2) and Article 275(1) of the Constitution.
• Aimed at protecting the rights and cultural identity of tribal populations.

2. States Covered:

• Applicable only to Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram.

3. Institutional Mechanism:

• Autonomous District Councils (ADCs): Established by the Governor for tribal-majority areas.
• Autonomous Regional Councils (ARCs): Created when multiple Scheduled Tribes coexist within a district.

4. Powers and Functions of ADCs/ARCs:

• Legislative: Authority to frame laws on land, forests, shifting cultivation, property inheritance, marriage, divorce, and social customs.
• Executive: Governance of developmental and administrative functions in tribal areas.
• Judicial: Powers to constitute village courts for settlement of disputes.
• Financial: Ability to levy and collect certain taxes and manage resources.

Significance

• The Sixth Schedule is designed to safeguard tribal autonomy and traditions through self-rule.
• Ladakh’s demand for inclusion reflects concerns over cultural preservation, land rights, and local representation post its separation from Jammu & Kashmir in 2019.

Forum for India-Pacific Island Cooperation (FIPIC)

External Affairs Minister recently hosted a meeting of the Foreign Ministers of the Forum for India-Pacific Island Cooperation (FIPIC).

About FIPIC

• Establishment: Launched in 2014 to enhance India’s engagement with Pacific Island nations under the Act East Policy.
• Members: India + 14 Pacific Island countries – Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Nauru, Niue, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Tonga, Tuvalu, and Vanuatu.
• Geographical Grouping: These nations are part of the three major island groups: Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia.
• Objective: Strengthen cooperation in areas such as climate resilience, blue economy, renewable energy, trade, and cultural exchanges.

RBI Intervention in Spot Forex Market

According to RBI’s monthly bulletin, the central bank sold a net $2.54 billion in the spot forex market in July.

Spot Market

1. Definition:

• A market where financial instruments—such as currencies, commodities, and securities—are traded for immediate delivery (generally within two business days).

2. Delivery Mechanism:

• Involves direct exchange of cash for the financial instrument.

3. Importance:

• Provides liquidity and price discovery.
• Vital for importers and exporters to manage forex needs.
• Helps central banks in maintaining exchange rate and monetary stability.

China Introduces New ‘K Visa’ Category

About K Visa Policy

1. Objective:

• To attract foreign science and technology talents to China.

2. Eligibility:

• Open to all foreign nationals, even without confirmed employment in China.
• Applicants must have at least a bachelor’s degree in STEM fields from a recognised university or research institution.

3. Features:

• Multiple entries permitted.
• Longer validity compared to other visa categories.
• Extended stay duration, providing greater flexibility for research and collaboration.

4. Significance:

• Enhances China’s ability to retain and import high-skilled talent.
• Part of broader push to strengthen innovation ecosystem, R&D, and global competitiveness.

Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC)

Approved extension of tenure of the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) till May 2026.

About ACC

1. Type:

• One of the 8 Cabinet Committees under the Union Executive.

2. Composition:

• Prime Minister – Chairperson.
• Minister of Home Affairs – Only other member.

3. Functions/Responsibilities:

• Decides on senior government appointments, including:
  - Secretaries, Additional Secretaries, Joint Secretaries.
  - Top-level appointments in Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs), banks, insurance companies, and autonomous bodies.
• Plays a key role in ensuring administrative leadership and continuity in governance.

PI-Based Payments Now Accepted in Qatar

Why in News

NPCI International Payments Ltd (NIPL), in collaboration with Qatar National Bank, has enabled QR code-based Unified Payments Interface (UPI) acceptance across Qatar, expanding India’s digital payment footprint.

About Unified Payments Interface (UPI)

1. Launch Year:

• 2016

2. Developer:

• National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), regulated by RBI.

3. Technology Base:

• Built over Immediate Payment Service (IMPS) infrastructure for instant fund transfers.

4. Key Features:

• Instant and secure payments with two-step authentication.
• Enables merchant payments via QR codes

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